Christmas Cards: a Historical Look at a Popular Tradition

Almost all of us have, at one time or another,Because of this, Mr. Prang is sometimes referred
sent or received a Christmas card.  Theseto as the "father of the American Christmas
printed holiday greetings are a mainstay of thecard."  Mr. Prang's cards featured snow scenes,
Christmas season in the United States and manyflowers, birds, burning fireplaces, and most of all
other countries around the world.  But did youchildren playing with toys.  Today some of his
ever stop to wonder how this tradition gotintricate designs are favored by collectors.
started?  Who sent the first Christmas card?The business of printing Christmas cards soon
Most historians trace the origins of Christmasbecame the mainstay of stationary
cards back to the year 1843 in London, England. manufacturers and specialty printers.  Designs
During the mid-19th century in Britain, it wasoften followed the historical times.  During both
customary to send hand written greetings toWorld War I and World War II the themes
one's friends and relatives, wishing them a Merrybecame very patriotic.  The 1950's brought a mix
Christmas and Happy New Year.  In 1843, oneof nostalgic, sentimental, and religious themes. 
Englishman, Sir Henry Cole, decided he was farSome other, more risque cards produced during
too busy to take the time to personally writethat time suggest the changing of attitudes during
these notes.  So instead, he commissioned histhat decade.
friend, John Callcott Horsley, also an artist, to paintIn the last decade, the United States has begun
some cards with a Christmas scene of merrimentto see a decline in the volume of cards being
and a banner with a holiday greeting.  Sir Henry'ssent.  To some extent, this is blamed on
idea was to save time by just signing and sendingimprovements in technology and instant
the cards.  However, as the story goes, Mr.communication.  With the advent of the internet,
Horsley may have depicted too much merriment,many people now choose to send free e-cards
as it appeared a number of children wereinstead of mailing a paper greeting card.  Better
enjoying a glass of wine in the painted scene.  Sirtelephone communication has also played a roll, as
Henry Cole, embarrassed by the resulting scandalmost people now have cell phones that offer
and controversy, only sent out a few Christmasthem very inexpensive rates and free long
cards in subsequent years.distance.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, KateEven with the decline in recent years, the U.S.
Greenaway, a children's writer and illustrator inCensus Bureau still estimates that nearly 2 billion
London, developed the idea of preprintedChristmas cards are sent in the United States
Christmas cards.  Ms. Greenway was much moreeach year.  Little did Sir Henry Cole know, he
sensitive to the "appropriate content" of the day,was on to something great.  From its humble
and her cards quickly grew in popularity.beginnings in mid-19th century London, the
Up until this time, all Christmas cards sent in theChristmas card industry has blossomed into a
U.S. were imported from England.  In 1874, anmulti-billion dollar giant that will surely continue to
American lithograph printer, Louis Prang, begangrow and evolve in the future.
printing Christmas cards to sell in the U.S.