Why Many Retired Women Live in Poverty - And What You Can do to Prevent It

Retirement for women is different than for men,average, only $5,964 a year in Social Security
and unless this fact is recognized andbenefits as compared to an average of $14,580
acknowledged, a woman's retirement mayfor the joint Social Security benefit received by a
become something less than golden. My intent inmarried couple.
this article, based on 28 years of experience inOnly 21 percent of widows receive survivor
the financial services industry, is to discuss whatpensions based on their husbands' benefits.
women can, even must do, to assure their yearsOf those who do receive a benefit, half receive
in retirement are some of the best years of theirless than $4,800 per year.
lives.According to the *U.S. Census Bureau, 80% of
There are many reasons for women living inwomen live longer than their spouses and often
poverty during their 'Golden Years'. Below areby many years -- 14 years on average. The risk
some you may recognize, and suggestions andhere is if she tries to maintain her current living
solutions you may wish to consider.standards she may deplete her savings over time.
Problem #1: Many women rely too heavily onAs health expenses or long term care needs arise
their spouseshe may be forced to reduce her standard of
For income during the working years, for pensionliving, or spend down assets in order to get
and social security benefits during retirement, andassistance. Neither of those choices bode well for
for ongoing financial guidance and adviceher quality of life.
throughout the years, with unforeseen and tragic*U.S. Census Bureau
results in many cases. (3 of every 5 elderlySolutions, Recommendations and Strategies
women face retirement without a husband).First, educate yourself about the family finances.
Problem #2: Work PatternsMake sure you have a good overview and
Women often have irregular work patterns, dueunderstanding of what assets are owned, how
to marriage, children, care giving and otherthey are titled, who the beneficiaries are, etc.
responsibilities. This often leads to women notPrepare yourself to manage your own finances,
earning full pension benefits, or any benefits at all.as the odds say you will need to do just that at
*Only 32% of retired women who have workedsome point. Make sure you are named on all
in the private sector had pension benefits,family accounts as owner, co-owner, or
whereas well over half of men received them.beneficiary. This establishes your legal right to
*U.S. Census Bureauthese assets should the marriage end in divorce,
Even when women do earn pensions, theirdeath, or even if your partner becomes
benefits tend to be a fraction of what menincapacitated.
receive because of their lower earnings andNext, build what I call the Three-legged Stool of
complicated vesting schedules that penalize themLifetime Financial Security:
for moving in and out of the workforce. For1) Inflation protected lifetime income
these reasons men's pensions tend to be upwards2) Growth/income investments for future needs
of two and a half times that of women.3) Long term care protection in the form of
Problem #3: Divorceassets or insurance, or some combination of both
In all too many cases a divorce occurs,Some of the solutions to ensure your lifetime
sometimes even later in life, and the financiallysecurity could consist of:
inexperienced woman is set adrift in unknown1) your social security retirement benefit
waters. Often times the assets are divided in2) a secondary inflation adjusted income you can't
what appears at first glance to be equal, but theoutlive
woman's share may include the family home with3) a prudently managed growth/income account
a hefty mortgage payment, while the husbandto keep pace with the cost of living
gets the pension and 401k plan, assets that will4) a creative and flexible method of protecting
serve him well during his retirement years.your potential long term care needs
In addition, the ex-husbands income is not5) time tested strategies of ensuring you pay no
disturbed, while the woman's income may bemore than your fair share of taxes
dependent on temporary alimony and/or childLast but not least, seek out the assistance of an
support. Whatever income she is able to generateindependent, experienced financial advisor,
by going back to work, often with little or no jobpreferably one who is compensated by fee for
skills and being out of the work force for manyservice, much like an attorney or tax accountant.
years, brings lower pay, therefore lower futureThis would rule out the commission driven
pension and social security benefits.advisors, where there is a distinct conflict of
Problem #4: Widowhoodinterest.
Upon the husbands death the pension oftenMany of my clients are single, mature women, so
ceases and social security benefits usuallyI have been a witness to what they have
decrease, putting the widow in a financial bind.experienced through my 28 years of advising and
One-third of women who become widowed areguiding them. My experience in working with them
younger than 60. Half of all women who becomehas given me insight into their unique needs, and
widowed are younger than 63.has perhaps qualified me to better serve them,
Widowhood can severely jeopardize a woman'sboth during their working years, and throughout
economic prospects. Elderly widows receive, ontheir retirement years as well.